Casing spear



June 26, 1923. 1,460,099

E. c. IMMEL CASING SPEAR Filed Sent. 1 22 Patented June 26, 1923.

" UHTE nLrioNn c. IMIVIEL, or crso rnxns, nssrenon or ONE-HALF r0 EDVTAR-D r. MU RAY,

era

was

FFHE;

01E EASTLAND, TEXAS.

cnsine sPEAn.

Application filed. September 6, 1922, Serial 3010. 586,527.

1 0 ail whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMONDC. IMMEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at oisco, in the county of Eastland and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Casing Spears, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

The present form of spear is a tool employed for fishing or pulling pipes and cas-' ings from wells, and the hereinafter specified tool is of the bull dog type, and a purpose of this invention is to provide a very simple, eliicient and practical construction of tool, wherein the slips are mounted so asto gravitate, in order to expand against and grip the inner surface of a casing or pipe, whereby it may be extracted or pulled from a well. i i

One of the tools of this character heretofore employed includes spring rings, to hold the slips of the spear together, and further more this type of tool is more or less complicated. though it is considered one of the best tools now in use. Furthermore it has been found that this character of tool has on several occasions caused a bad fishing job, when extracting or pulling casings or pipes from Wells. i y

It'is, therefore, another purpose to provide a casing spear, wherein these disadvantages are overcome, not only due to the fact that th upper and lower ends of the slips are retained in position against loss, but also due to the fact that the slips are independently movable, so that they mayassume different positions, when they fall or drop by gravity into gripping positions.

Still another purpose is the provision of a bull dog type of casing. spear, wherein the slips cannot be removed whether expand ed or contracted, and also wherein the telescoping ends ofthe slips are sufiiciently strong to withstand any strain, to which they may be subjected.

A further purpose is the provision ofa casing spear constructed to guarantee absof v tapers from its lower end, tov a point ad acent where it forms an integral part of the 1 reduced portion 3% conical spindle 6 has a reduced threaded ex.

lute freedom of actioneither up or down, as they are not in any way held inposition by a spring orany contrivance whatever. It has been found that the present form of spear has the advantage over others, due to the fact that it will take a more'perfect hold on the inner surface of the casing or pipe, as the slips are capable of movement either independently or together. 1

In the type oftool asheretofore employed, this feature is not present, for th reason that the slips in such type of tool are held together by meansof a spring ring, which forces all the slips to work up and down together, and not independently.

It is tobe understood that the particulars herein given are in no way limitative and that while still keeping within the scope of the invention, anydesired modifications of detail and desired proportionslmay be made in the apparatus according to circumstances. 1

The invention comprises further features and combination of parts, as will be here1nclaimed.

In the drawings i t Figure 1 is a view'in elevation, showing the improved casing spear lowered into a casing or pipe, showing the'slips engaging the inner surface of thepipe Figure 2 is a vertical sectional viewl through the casln spear, showing the con,

struction of the various parts; a

Figure 3 is across sectional view on line 33 of Figure 2; y e I Figure 4 is an enlarged body member of thetool, showing the conicalspindle of the device;

Figure 5 is a detail perspective View of on i of the slips.

Referring to the drawings. 1 designates the body of the tool, the upper end of which 1 has a conical extension 2 provided withexterior threads 3, for connection with a suitable member, whereby the casing spear may a The larger end of the tension 7, which engages the interior threads 8 of the nose (casing 9. The extreme nose of this. nose casing 15 frustro-conlcal, soas detail "view of the i after set forth, shown in the drawings and to easily'enter-the casing or pipe to be extracted-from the well.

Engaging the surface of the conical spindle 6 are slips 10. These slips conform to the s'hapeof the'spindle'G, and a'recapable of movement on the spindle, that isto say sliding movements. The upper and lower ends of these slips are reduced on their exterior surfaces, and those portions .between the reduced exterior surfaces of the ends of the slips are. exteriorly threaded as shown at 12. These threads 12 are pitched in upwardly and lateral directions, so that when the slips lower on the spindle, and thereby become expanded, the threads will. bite into the inner surface of the pipe or casing, and insure sufiicient grip, whereby the casing or pipe may be extracted from the well.

Thenose casing adjacent the "larger end ofthe spindle 6 is chambered or reamedout as shown, in order to provide a chamber '13 for the reception of the exterior 'unobstructed smooth surfaces. of the reduced ends of the slips, thereby retaining the slipsin position. I

The collar 5, which engages the threads on th reduced portion 3 of the body also has its interior for half its depth reamed or chambered. out, to provide a chamber 14, which receives the upper "reduced ends of theslipsl When extracting or fishing a :pipe or casing from a well,'a memberfn'o't shown) may be connectedto'the tapered extensionQ. The casing :spear is then lowered into the well until the spear entersthe pipe or casing'to be extracted. Obviously when the casing spear is being lowered into thewell, for the purpose o-f'fishing or extracting the pipe or casing from the well, the islips automatically drop or fall by gravit ypuntil'the'lower 'reduced ends of the slips enter the chamber of the nose. The slips become limited in these movements just as'soon as the threaded surfaces of the slips contact with the inner circumference of the casing or pipe. As an upward pull is imparted to the member to which the'spear is connected when lowered into the well, the spindle due to its gradual taperforces or expands the slips outwardly,

'to' insure a biting engagement of the threads of th'ejslips with the interior surface of the casing orpipe' to be extracted. When a secure gripping action is effected, still further upward movements maybe imparted to the -*member which carries the spear,"thereb-y permittingfthe pipe or casingtobe easily removed from the well; Obviously'when the casing spear'is notin'use, the slips may move in an opposite direction, as soon as the spear =is inverted,or in other words as soon as the nose of the spearis directed upwardly, instead of downwardly. The present formof casing spearcanxbeused on the interior of any size of pipe or casing from two inches signature.

. Furthermore one body canbe used for more than one or two sizes of slips, so that different sizes of casings orpipes can be extracted. In other words the casing spear c'an'be made indifferent sizes, and due tothe fact that the slips can be constructed to afford a greater diameter of gripping surface, casings and pipes of various diameters may be extracted from wells.

The invention having been set forth, what is claimed is '1. In a casing spear, the combination with a body provided with a depending axially aligned spindle, said spindle being tapered from its lower end upwardly to the body, a plurality of slips engaging the surface of the tapered spindle, said slips being independently movable by gravity and having upper and lower reducedends, and means mounted upon the body adjacent the upper and lower ends of the slips and receiving said ends, thereby retaining theslips in:p0sition, and yet permitting them'to move by gravity into gripping position.

2. Ina casing spear, a spear body comprising a spindle tapered from its'lower end upwardly, segmental slips in surrounding relation to the spindle,'and being movable by gravity,:and means adjacentthe upper and .lowerends of the slips and operatively engaging said ends, toguide'the-slips in" their expanding actions, theexterior'or the slips provided with means for insuring a .gripping action uponthe interior of a casing or pipe when the slips'are expanded.

33. In a casing spear, a body'having a spindle conically reduced from its lower end upwardly, a. plurality of segmentalsli-ps'ien gaging said conical spindle, whereby upon lowering said :slips by gravity they become expanded for gripping action with theinterior of a pip'eto beextra'cted, and means for operatively receiving and retaining the upper and lower ends of the slips in'position, wherebythey are guided, as they are lowered.

4. In a casing-spear, abody, acollar having a chambered out end'threaded adjustably uponone end-of said'body, a spindle projecting from one end of the bodyl and being conically reduced from its lower end upwardly to where the 'spindle axially con-- nects with the body,:a nose casing threaded upon the lower end of "said spindle, said nose casing being provided'wlth a chamber,

said chambers receiving the upper' 'and lower In testimony whereof l hereuntoaflix 'my ELMOND o. IMMEL. 

